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The Resources of AmbiguityContext, Narrative, and Metaphor in Richard Dawkins’s The Selfish GeneUniversity of Louisville, Kentucky, debra.journet{at}louisville.edu Richard Dawkins’s The Selfish Gene illustrates the power of ambiguity in scientific discourse. The rhetorical and epistemic resources that ambiguity provide are most apparent at the level of metaphor but are also central to the exigency for Dawkins’s argument and to the narrative form that the argument takes. Using ratios derived from Burke’s dramatistic pentad, I analyze how ambiguous language helped Dawkins to link different theoretical conceptions of the gene and consequently posit connections between genes and organisms that had not yet been empirically established. I thus demonstrate at a conceptual and textual level how ambiguity contributes to the construction of novel scientific arguments. For Dawkins, ambiguity provided a discursive space in which he could speculate on connections and developments for which he did not yet have evidence, data, or terminology. Despite his insistence that his use of figurative motive language was simply a ‘‘convenient shorthand’’ for more technical language, The Selfish Gene demonstrates the powerful epistemological and rhetorical role that ambiguous metaphors play in biological discourse.
Key Words: Richard Dawkins • The Selfish Gene • Kenneth Burke • rhetoric of science • rhetoric of biology • metaphor in science • biological altruism
This version was published on January
1, 2010 Journal of Business and Technical Communication, Vol. 24, No. 1,
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